Amaphaneli elanga Ikusasa lamandla avuselelekayo
Amaphaneli elanga awubuchwepheshe obusha nobujabulisayo obuya ngokuya buyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwethu lwamandla. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa imisebe yelanga ukuguqula ibe ugesi, businike imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo, ehlanzekile. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ngokujulile ukuthi amaphaneli elanga asebenza kanjani, aguquke kanjani, namandla awo esikhathini esizayo samandla avuselelekayo.
Indlela ama-solar panel asebenza ngayo
Isimiso sokusebenza samapaneli elanga silula kakhulu, ngokusekelwe kumphumela we-photovoltaic. Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kushaya iphaneli yelanga, ama-photon ajabulisa ama-electron kumpahla ye-semiconductor, okuwenza ashintshe ukusuka kuzinga eliphansi lamandla ukuya kuzinga eliphezulu lamandla, okudala amandla kagesi. Lokhu kwamanje kungathathwa futhi kugcinwe ukuze kunikwe amandla amadivayisi namasistimu ahlukahlukene.
Amaphaneli elanga ngokuvamile enziwe nge-silicon, impahla ye-semiconductor enezinto ezifiselekayo ze-elekthronikhi ezenza ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-photovoltaic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinto, ezifana ne-perovskites, amaseli elanga e-organic, njll, acwaningwa njalo futhi athuthukiswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kwezindleko zamapaneli elanga.
Umlando nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphaneli elanga
Ukuvela kwamaphaneli elanga kuyamangalisa. Ama-solar panel okuqala asungulwa phakathi nekhulu le-19, kodwa ayengasebenzi kahle. Njengoba ososayensi beqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izinto zokwakha kanye nokuklama, ukusebenza kahle kwamapaneli elanga kuyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi izindleko ziyaqhubeka nokuncipha. Amaphaneli elanga aqale ukusetshenziswa emishini yasemkhathini ngeminyaka yawo-1970, njengohlelo lwesikhala se-Apollo, okufakazela ukwethembeka kwawo ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Njengoba isidingo samandla avuselelekayo sakhula, amaphaneli elanga akhula ngokushesha ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21. Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kahulumeni, ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, kanye nokwanda kokuqwashisa ngemvelo konke kuye kwaqhuba ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamaphaneli elanga. Namuhla, ama-solar panel abe yindlela yamandla etholakala kubantu abaningi, hhayi kuphela ezakhiweni zokuhlala nezohwebo, kodwa nasezimotweni zikagesi, amadivaysi eselula nama-drones.
Izinzuzo nezinselele zamaphaneli elanga
Izinzuzo zamapaneli elanga ukuvuselela nokuhlanzeka kwawo. Amaphaneli elanga awakhiphi amagesi abamba ukushisa futhi ahambisana nemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa kwama-solar panel ziphansi, futhi uma sezifakiwe, umsebenzi wokulungisa nsuku zonke ulula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-solar panel angasakazwa, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokudluliswa kwamandla.
Nokho, amaphaneli elanga nawo abhekana nezinselele ezithile. Kusenendawo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi. Ama-solar panel asabiza ukukhiqiza nokufaka, nakuba izindleko ziwa njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka. Ukwengeza, ukusimama kwamaphaneli elanga kusadinga ukubhekwa, okuhlanganisa nendaba yokugaywa kabusha kwezinto kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha.
Izindawo zokufaka izicelo zamaphaneli elanga
Ama-solar panel asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ezindlini nasezindlini zezentengiselwano, ama-solar panel angasetshenziswa ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi, kunikwe amandla isakhiwo, futhi kugcinwe amandla engeziwe kumabhethri ukuze asetshenziswe izimo eziphuthumayo. Emkhakheni wezolimo, ama-solar panel angahlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa wezinhlelo zokuchelela, i-aquaculture kanye nezidingo zikagesi ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-solar panel nawo asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi, izikebhe nezindiza, ezikhuthaza ukufakwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha.
Amaphaneli elanga nawo adlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekweni kukagesi emazweni asathuthuka nasezindaweni ezikude. Bangakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngogesi, bathuthukise izimo zokuphila futhi bakhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho.
Ikusasa lamaphaneli elanga
Ikusasa lama-solar panel libukeka liqhakazile futhi lijabulisa. Ososayensi nonjiniyela bahlale bethuthukisa izinto ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokusimama kwamaphaneli elanga. Ubuchwepheshe obusha obufana namaseli elanga e-perovskite, amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo kanye namaphaneli elanga anezinhlangothi ezimbili ayavela futhi kulindeleke ukuthi athuthukise ukusebenza kwamaphaneli elanga.
Njengoba izindleko zamaphaneli elanga ziqhubeka nokwehla, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bazokhetha ukufaka ama-solar panel, ngaleyo ndlela banciphise ukuthembela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, behlise izikweletu zamandla, futhi babe nomthelela omncane emvelweni. Ukwesekwa okuvela kohulumeni, amabhizinisi kanye nabantu ngabanye kuzoqhubeka nokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenzisa amaphaneli elanga.
Amaphaneli elanga amele ikusasa lamandla avuselelekayo. Zisebenzisa ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze ziphehle ugesi, zisinikeze umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile noqhubekayo. Nakuba ezinye izinselele zisekhona, ukuqhubeka kwentuthuko kanye nokwamukelwa kabanzi kwamaphaneli elanga kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwamandla emashumini eminyaka ezayo. Njengabantu ngabanye, singase futhi sicabangele ukwamukela amaphaneli elanga ukuze senze umnikelo omncane kodwa obalulekile embangela yokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, amaphaneli elanga azoqhubeka nokuvela, anikeze umbono ogqamile wekusasa lethu.