Li-solar panel/ Bokamoso ba matla a tsosolositsoeng
Liphanele tsa letsatsi ke theknoloji e ncha le e thabisang e ntseng e eketseha ho ba karolo ea bohlokoa ea sistimi ea rona ea matla. Theknoloji ena e sebelisa mahlaseli a letsatsi ho fetolela motlakase, ho re fa mehloli ea matla e nchafalitsoeng, e hloekileng. Sehloohong sena, re tla shebisisa ka botebo kamoo liphanele tsa letsatsi li sebetsang kateng, kamoo li fetohileng kateng, le bokhoni ba tsona nakong e tlang ea matla a tsosolositsoeng.
Kamoo liphanele tsa letsatsi li sebetsang kateng
Molao-motheo o sebetsang oa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi o bonolo haholo, o itšetlehile ka phello ea photovoltaic. Ha khanya ea letsatsi e otla karolo ea letsatsi, li-photon li thabisa lielektrone tse ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor, li etsa hore li fetohe ho tloha boemong bo tlaase ba matla ho ea boemong bo phahameng ba matla, ho etsa hore motlakase o be teng. Joale sena se ka nkuoa le ho bolokoa ho matlafatsa lisebelisoa le litsamaiso tse fapaneng.
Lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi hangata li entsoe ka silicon, thepa ea semiconductor e nang le thepa ea elektronike e lakatsehang e etsang hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa photovoltaic. Ho phaella moo, ho na le lisebelisoa tse ling, tse kang li-perovskites, lisele tsa letsatsi tse phelang, joalo-joalo, tse ntseng li etsoa lipatlisiso le ho ntlafatsoa ho ntlafatsa katleho le litšenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi.
Histori le nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi
Ho iphetola ha liphanele tsa letsatsi hoa hlolla. Liphanele tsa pele tsa letsatsi li qapiloe bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, empa li ne li sa sebetse hantle. Ha bo-rasaense ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa thepa le moralo, bokhoni ba lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi bo ntse bo eketseha 'me litšenyehelo li ntse li fokotseha. Liphanele tsa letsatsi li qalile ho sebelisoa mesebetsing ea sepakapaka lilemong tsa bo-1970, joalo ka lenaneo la sebaka sa Apollo, ho paka ho tšepahala ha tsona tlas'a maemo a feteletseng.
Ha tlhoko ea matla a tsosolositsoeng e ntse e eketseha, liphanele tsa letsatsi li ile tsa ntlafala ka potlako ho elella bofelong ba 20th le mathoasong a lekholo la bo21 la lilemo. Tšehetso ea leano la mmuso, matsete a lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele, le tlhokomeliso e eketsehileng ea tikoloho kaofela li tsamaisitse tšebeliso e pharaletseng ea liphanele tsa letsatsi. Kajeno, liphanele tsa letsatsi li fetohile khetho ea matla e fumanehang ho batho ba bangata, eseng feela mehahong ea bolulo le ea khoebo, empa hape le likoloing tsa motlakase, lisebelisoa tsa mohala le li-drones.
Melemo le mathata a lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi
Melemo ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi ke ho tsosolosoa le ho hloeka ha tsona. Liphanele tsa letsatsi ha li ntše likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše 'me li na le botsoalle ba tikoloho. Ho phaella moo, litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso le tlhokomelo ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi li batla li le tlaase, 'me hang ha li kentsoe, mosebetsi oa tlhokomelo ea letsatsi le letsatsi o batla o le bonolo. Ho phaella moo, liphanele tsa letsatsi li ka ajoa, ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea phetisetso ea matla.
Leha ho le joalo, liphanele tsa letsatsi le tsona li tobane le mathata a mang. Ho ntse ho e-na le sebaka sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetsong, haholo-holo maemong a tlaase a khanya. Lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi li ntse li bitsa chelete e ngata ho hlahisa le ho kenya, le hoja litšenyehelo li ntse li theoha ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele. Ho feta moo, ho tšoarella ha liphanele tsa letsatsi ho ntse ho tlameha ho rarolloa, ho kenyeletsoa taba ea ho nchafatsa thepa le ho sebelisoa hape.
Libaka tsa ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi
Liphanele tsa letsatsi li sebelisoa haholo libakeng tse fapaneng. Matlong le meahong ea khoebo, liphanele tsa letsatsi li ka sebelisoa ho fehla motlakase, ho fehla mohaho, le ho boloka matla a mangata ka libetering bakeng sa tšebeliso ea tšohanyetso. Lefapheng la temo, liphanele tsa letsatsi li ka fana ka mohloli o tšepahalang oa matla bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa nosetso, temo ea metsing le litlhoko tsa motlakase libakeng tsa mahaeng. Ho phaella moo, lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi li boetse li sebelisoa likoloing tsa motlakase, liketsoana le lifofane, ho khothalletsa ho kenngoa ha motlakase oa lipalangoang.
Liphanele tsa letsatsi le tsona li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa phepelong ea motlakase linaheng tse tsoelang pele le libakeng tse hole. Li ka fana ka motlakase, tsa ntlafatsa maemo a bophelo le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea moruo.
Bokamoso ba lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi
Bokamoso ba lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi bo shebahala bo khanyang ebile bo thabisa. Bo-rasaense le baenjiniere ba lula ba hlahisa lisebelisoa le mahlale a macha ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le botsitso ba liphanele tsa letsatsi. Theknoloji e ncha e kang lisele tsa letsatsi tsa perovskite, lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse feto-fetohang le liphanele tsa letsatsi tse mahlakoreng a mabeli li ntse li hlaha 'me li lebeletsoe hore li tsoele pele ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi.
Ha litšenyehelo tsa liphanele tsa letsatsi li ntse li theoha, batho ba bangata ba tla khetha ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi, kahoo ba fokotsa ho itšetleha ka libeso, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa matla, le ho ba le tšusumetso e fokolang tikolohong. Tšehetso e tsoang ho mebuso, likhoebo le batho ka bomong e tla tsoela pele ho tsamaisa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi.
Liphanele tsa letsatsi li emela bokamoso ba matla a tsosolositsoeng. Li sebelisa khanya ea letsatsi bakeng sa ho fehla motlakase, li re fa mohloli o hloekileng le o tšoarellang oa matla. Le hoja liqholotso tse ling li ntse li le teng, tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele le ho ata ha liphanele tsa letsatsi ho tla ba le phello e matla tsamaisong ea rona ea matla lilemong tse mashome tse tlang. Joaloka batho ka bomong, re ka boela ra nahana ka ho amohela lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi ho etsa tlatsetso e nyenyane empa e le ea bohlokoa molemong oa tšireletso ea tikoloho. Ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele, liphanele tsa letsatsi li tla tsoela pele ho fetoha, li fana ka pono e khanyang ea bokamoso ba rona.