Ibwe rekona resimba idzva: Verenga kusimudzira uye musimboti we lithium mabhatiri

Lithium mabhatiri imhando yakajairika yebhatiri rechargeable iro electrochemical reaction yakavakirwa pakufamba kwelithium ions pakati peiyo yakanaka uye yakaipa electrode. Lithium mabhatiri ane zvakanakira simba rakawanda, hupenyu hurefu uye yakaderera yekuzviburitsa, saka anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi uye mota dzemagetsi.

Nheyo yekushanda yemabhatiri e-lithium inobva pakufamba kwe lithium ions pakati pezvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka electrodes. Munguva yekuchaja, lithium ions inoburitswa kubva kune yakanaka zvinhu (kazhinji oxide yakadai selithium cobaltate), inopfuura nepakati pe electrolyte, yobva yapinzwa muzvinhu zvisina kunaka (kazhinji kabhoni). Munguva yekuyerera, lithium ions inoparadzaniswa kubva kune yakaipa zvinhu uye inofamba kuburikidza ne electrolyte kune yakanaka zvinhu, inogadzira ikozvino uye magetsi emagetsi, ayo anotyaira midziyo yekunze kushanda.

Iyo inoshanda musimboti we lithium mabhatiri inogona kurerutswa kuita anotevera matanho:

1. Munguva yekuchaja, iyo yakaipa electrode ye lithiamu bhatiri inotora maerekitironi ekunze. Kuti irambe isina kwayakarerekera kwemagetsi, iyo electrode yakanaka inomanikidzwa kuburitsa maerekitironi kuenda kunze, uye maion e lithium anenge arasa maerekitironi anokwezvwa negegative electrode uye kufamba nepakati pe electrolyte kuenda kune negative electrode. Nenzira iyi, electrode yakaipa inozadza maerekitironi uye inochengeta lithium ions.

2. Paunenge uchibudisa, maerekitironi anodzokera kune electrode yakanaka kuburikidza nekunze kwedunhu, uye lithium ions inobviswawo kubva kune negative electrode material, ichibudisa simba remagetsi rakachengetwa mukugadzirisa, uye kudzokera kune electrode yakanaka kuburikidza ne electrolyte, uye maerekitironi anosanganiswa kuti atore chikamu mukuderedza maitiro ekudzorera chimiro che lithium compound.

3. Muchiito chekubhadhara uye kubuda, chaizvoizvo, ndiyo nzira ye lithium ions kudzingirira ma electrons, panguva iyo kuchengetedza uye kusunungurwa kwesimba remagetsi kunowanikwa.

Kugadzirwa kwemabhatiri e lithium kwapfuura nematanho akawanda. Mukutanga kwema1970, mabhatiri e-lithium simbi akatanga kuunzwa, asi nekuda kwechiitiko chepamusoro uye nyaya dzekuchengetedza yelithium simbi, chiyero chekushandisa kwavo chaive chishoma. Zvadaro, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion akazova teknolojia yepamusoro, iyo inoshandisa kwete-metallic lithium compounds sezvinhu zvakanaka zve electrode kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuchengetedza re lithium metal mabhatiri. Mumakore ekuma1990, mabhatiri e-lithium polymer akaonekwa, achishandisa mapolymer gels se electrolytes, achivandudza kuchengetedzeka uye kuwanda kwesimba remabhatiri. Mumakore achangopfuura, matekinoroji matsva e-lithium bhatiri senge lithium-sarufa mabhatiri uye akasimba-state lithium mabhatiri anga achikurawo.

Parizvino, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion achiri anonyanya kushandiswa uye akanyanya kukura ebhatiri tekinoroji. Iine huwandu hwesimba remagetsi, hupenyu hurefu hwekutenderera uye kuderera kwekuzviburitsa, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munharembozha, makomputa emabhuku, mota dzemagetsi nemimwe minda. Pamusoro pezvo, mabhatiri e lithium polymer anoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muminda senge matete uye akareruka michina uye isina waya mahedhifoni, nekuda kwekuwanda kwesimba uye kutetepa dhizaini maitiro.

China yakaita kufambira mberi kunoshamisa mumunda we lithium mabhatiri. China ndeimwe yevagadziri vepasi rose uye vatengi ve lithium mabhatiri. China's lithium bhatiri indasitiri chain yapera, kubva pakutenga zvinhu zvakasvibirira kusvika pakugadzira bhatiri ine imwe chiyero uye tekinoroji simba. Makambani eLithium bhatiri eChina akaita kufambira mberi kwakakosha mukutsvagisa tekinoroji nekusimudzira, kugona kwekugadzira uye kugovaniswa kwemusika. Pamusoro pezvo, hurumende yeChina yakaunzawo nhevedzano yemitemo yekutsigira kukurudzira kusimudzira uye kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yebhatiri yelithium. Lithium mabhatiri ave mhinduro huru yesimba munzvimbo dzakadai semidziyo yemagetsi uye mota dzemagetsi.